Automatic coffee-roaster.



No. 865,203. PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1907.

H. MUSTONEN & T. *A. NISSINEN. Y I

AUTOMATIC COFFEE ROASTER.

APPLICATION FILED JANJZ, 1907.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED SEPT. 3, 1907. H. MUSTONEN & T. A. NISSINBN.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

jig/0.

, PATENTEDSEPT. s, 1907. H. MUSTONEN & T. A. NISSINEN. AUTOMATIC COFFEE ROASTER.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 12,1907

4 SHEETSSHEET 3 PATENTED SEPT. 3, 1907. H. MU STONEN & T. A. NISSINBN.

AUTOMATIC COFFEE ROASTER,

APPLIOATION FILED JAN.12,1907.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

- UNITED STATES {LATENT OFFICE.

HENRY MUSTONEN AND 'roIMi A. NISSINEN, OF UNIQN HILL, NEW JERSEY.

AUTOMATIC, COFFEE-ROASTER.

i Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 3, 1907.

Application and Jmt'iy'n, 1907. Serial NO- 352,001.

tain automatic dumping and supplying features, andair-heating devices, all of which will be hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate an embodiment of the invention. In the said drawingsFigure 1 is substantially a front elevation. Fig. 2 is a vertical section at line 1: in' Fig. 1. Fig. 3 isa plan, the elevated supply mechanism being omitted. These are general views, on a relatively small scale. Fig. 4 is a vertical, sectional View taken at line :13 in Fig. 5; and Fig. 5 is an eleva tion as seen from the left in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a sectional plan view of the parts seen in Figs. 4 and 5, the plane of the section being indicated substantially by line at in Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a vertical section taken substantially at line x in Fig. 8; and Fig. 8 is a vertical section taken at line .10 inFig. 7.

Figs. 4, 5 and 6, show the locking device for the dumpinghead of the roaster, and Figs. 7 and 8 show an automatic device for making and breaking an electric circuit which controls the locking means. Fig. 9 is a sectional detail view of the cut-off valve of the supply mechanism. Fig. 10. is a diagrammatic view showing the electric circuits. Fig. 11 includes enlarged sectional details of the connection between the cylinder" of rotating roaster, and the adjacent parts. i

Before proceeding to describe the structureof the "machine in detail, it will be well-to explain that there .is a furnace, over the fire-bed of which rotates a perforated roaster provided interiorly with oblique blades which shift the coffee (or other material) from one end of the roaster to the other. The coffee is fed .to the roaster in charges, automatically, by a supplying means tobe hereinafter described. When the coffee is roastedand the gradually increasing temperature shall have reached a predetermined degree, there is-an electric circuit completed through an electromagnet, the heat acting through a known device called 9. thei mometer-thermostat to close said circuit. The magnet acts to set free a locking belt, which then locks the rotating roaster to a normally stationary discharging 'and dumping head, and this head is thus compelled to turn with the roaster; but when the head is inverted or i dumped by making a half-rotation, the bolt is withdrawn automatically and the head remains stationary while -theiroaster continues to rotate. The blades in the roaster now discharge the roasted coffee through the dumped head. But during the dumping of the I other objects, namelyyit admits a jet of water into the hollow perforated iaxis'of the'roaster and cuts off the admission of hot air; and it sets in motion a circuitcloser and breaker which, after a predetermined number of rotations ofthe roaster (that is, suillcient to empty it) again locks the discharging head to the rotat ing roaster and causes the latter to right the head and I discharging head, the latter in. its movement, effects return it to its normal position, when it is automaticanism to be described) to cutoff the supply of coffee from a hoppefto a measure or charge-receiver; and to open the conduit between the elevated receiver and the rotating roaster so that the charge will flow into .the latter. The operating electromagnet is in a circuit, having in it two breaks, one controlled by the thermometor-thermostat and theother by the mechanically operated closer and breaker referred to above.

There is a'device for heating air, and a blower for offecting its circulation, and these will be hereinafter described. v

The construction will now be explained with reference to the drawings. p

1 designates thefurnaceand 2 the fire-bed therein.

on a h0llowor partly hollowshaft 3, extending through the furnace, is mounted the roaster R, here shownas a perforated cylinder provided with oblique blades 4 on its interiorsurface to move the coffee longitudinally in one direction, and two spiral blades 5.

nearer the shaft, for moving it in the opposite direc-- tion. The roaster rotates in the direction indicated by arrow z'in Fig. 1, and the hollow shaft 3, within the roaster, is perforated. On the shaft is a pulley 6 for driving it. During the process of roasting, the roaster R rotates continuously in one direction. The cylinder of the roaster is open at both of its ends and is secured at each end to a sort of spoked wheel fixed on the shaft and forming apart of the roaster; but the roaster is I closed at its rear end (at the right in Fig. 2)by a fixed end-piece 7, with an outlet-connection 8 for gases, as will be hereinafter explained. At the front end of the roaster (at the left, in Fig. 2) is another similar end piece D called a discharging head. This head is capable of rotating about the shaft 3 and while it is normally stationary so that the coffee may pass through it to the roaster R, it is automatically dumped, or inverted, so that the roasted coffee may flow out of the roaster through the conduit 9 at which the green or unroasted coffee enters. In Fig. 11 is shown, on a relatively I around.

large scale, at manner of fitting the continuously r'o-. tating roaster to the heads of end-pieces, and to the furnace casing at the respective ends of the roaster. v

Fig. 1 shows the means for supplying the green coffee in charges to the roaster at proper times. 10 is a hopper, or any suitable reservoir to contain the coffee; and 11 is the charge-holder or measure, interposed between the hopper and the roaster R. This measure or measuring vessel will be of the proper size to hold a sufiieient quantity of coffee for a charge in the roaster. The bottom of the hopper 10 connects with the top of the measure 11 bya tubular conduit 12,inwhich is a cut-- off slide or valve 13; and from the .bottom of the measure 11 a conduit 14 leads to the inlet 9 of the discharging head D. In this conduit 14 is a cut-off slide'or valve 15. The'slides 13 and 15 are adapted to be closed, respectivcly, by springs 16 and 17, and to be opened respectively (in alternate order) by earns 18 and 19, on an upright shaft 20 (Figs. 1 and 9). This shaft bears, at its lower end, a pinion 21 adapted to gear with two short racks 22 and 23,- on the inner face of the head D, when the latter is dumped and righted. The operation is as follows: Normally the valve 15 may be open and the valve 13 closed. When the head "D starts to turn in dumping the rack 23 engages the pinion 21, and rotates it, the shaft 20, I and the cams 18 and 19, half-way The effect of this is to close the valve 15 in the rotation of cam 19, and to open the valve 13 at substantially the same time through cam 18. The camsmight be so constructed and set that one has a little lead over the other, but the movement is so rapid that the valves may in practice, move simultaneously in opposite directions. When the head D is righted,the rack 22 comes into play to act on the pinion 21, and reverse the movement of the valves. The valve 15 is opened to discharge the contents of the measure 11 into the roaster and the valve 13 is closed. As the valve 13 must pass through a mass' of coffee in the conduit 12 in closing, cushion-springs 24 are provided on this valve 13 between the valve itself and the roller or part 25.; thereof that bears on the operating cam. As the movement of the valve is rapid, this cushionv prevents it in a good degree from chafing or breaking the grains of coffee in its passage. I r

The automatic locking and unlocking devices of the .head I) will now be described; calling special attention to Figs. 4, 5 and 6. Mounted on a fixed, slotted bracket-plate 26, in suitable keepers or-sliding bearings, are two upright rods 27, connected above by a bar 28 and below by a curved and flanged cam-support 29; and mounted in'guides on the head D 'is a spring bolt 30, the stern of which carries a laterally projecting stud 3lpreferably a rolling stud-adapted to take over and be supported by a'laterally projecting flange or track on the support 29. When permitted to drop, this bolt may enter a socket 32 in a continuously rotating part of the roaster R. ,The bar 28 has anarm 28 which extends back through an upright slot in the bracketplate 26, and at the baclcof the bracket is a supporting toggle 33, coupled at its upper end to the arm 28, and at its lower end to lugs on the base of the bracket. A light spring 34 tends to hold the toggle straight and the parts .carried by it uplifted. Extending through the bracket-plate, and loosely slidable therein, is a pin 35 sas,2os

be pushed in, the knuckle of the toggle will be broken, back and the parts supported by it will fallof their own weight, thus allowing thebolt 30 to descend, and permiiting its spring to drive it into the socket 32 when the latter comes into position. To press the pin 35 inward and break the knuckle of the toggle, an electromagnct 36, the lever-armature 37, of which is fulcrumed at s, and the end opposite to the magnet, bears on the head or end of the pin 35. I

Tlfe magnet is in an electric circuit shown diagrammatically in Fig. 10. G is a generator from one-pole of The device 0 will now be described in detail, refer-- ring more especially to Figs. 1 and 8. On the main shaft 3 is secured a cam 38, which, as the shaft rotates,

acts operatively onia' slidable spring-retracted pawl 39.

Thus at each rotation of the shaft the pawl has imparted to it a reciprocating movement. teeth of a ratchet-wheel 40, mounted rotatively in a. suitable bracket-casing 41. The ratcheflwhecl may have any desired number of teeth, one of which is omitted, as seen at the point y in Fig. 8. When the main shaft shall have made as many revolutions as there are teeth in the ratchet-wheel it will have imparted one ,rotation'to said. wheel; the pawl will then engage the space y and play to and fro therein without imparting any further rotative movement to the wheel. The wheel 40 is a circuit-closer, and carries a metal contactpiece 42 (see Fig. 8) which, as the wheel rotates, closes the break in the circuit at the ends of the conductors c and 0", at the casing 41, in a way well known to electricians.- Now when the head D turns in dumping, a pin 43 0n the boss of the head D .(see Fig. 7), impinges This pawl engages the on a stud44 on the face of the ratchet-wheel 40 and turns the latter to the extent of one tooth, in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 8, thus permitting the pawl 39 to operatively engage the teeth of the wheel and rotate it step-by-step as the roaster rotates. It will be understood that the heat in the roaster will keep the circuit through the electromagnet 36 closed, at the thermostat T until a charge of cold, green coffee enters the master; and by the time the roaster is emptied and ready for a fresh charge the wheel 40 will have rotated far enough to cause the piece 42 to close the break the circuit at C and complete the same, when the magnet will act to again lock the head D to the roaster R, for' righting the head so that the roaster may receive the fresh charge. It should be explained here that there are two like. spring-bolts 30 disposed diametrically opposite on the head D. Figs. 4 and 5 show one of them upheld and ready to be dropped by the action of the electromagnet so that it may enter into the socket 32 in the roaster B, when the said socket is brought to.co-incide with it by the rotation of the master. When'the locking has been effected and the head D has made a half-rotation, a cam 45 on the adjacent fixed part (Fig.

- which bears on the knuckle ofthe toggle. If this pin 1) withdraws the bolt and frees the head. Theother soaaoa bolt, 30, in the meantime, will have been carried up'to the upper side and made to engage the cam-support 29, abutting against a cushion detent 81. It should be understood that in order to enable the 'parts to operate properly the toggle 33 must be straightened'so as to upholdthe bolt 30. The spring 34 cannot always be resupport 29 and lifts the latter and iis connected parts,

thus assisting the spring 34 to straighten the toggle and put the parts in condition to receive and uphold the bolt 30.. l v

The air-heating means willn'ow be explained, with especial reference to Fig.2. Mounted on the furnace is a casing 46, having in it two end-chambers 47 and 48, and a central chamber 49, connected to the others by tubes or pipes 50. The products of combustion from'the furnace enter the chamber 47 at 51, and the gasemfrom the roaster R flow to the chamber 48 by a pipe 52. These gases go to the stack or chimney by a pipe 53, seenin Fig. 1. The air enters the chamber in the casing 46 at 54, about its lower edge, passes up about the tubes 50 and chambers 47 and 48, and is drawn out through a pipe 55 to a blower 56; and thence down by a pipe 57 to -a' point below the fire-bed'2, which it enters at ,58 to supply the fire. The blower may be driven by a belt 59 .and pulley 60, on a countershaft 61. A branch 62 from the air-pipe 57, leads to the end of the-hollow shaft 3. A water-pipe 63 leads also to the ended the hollow shaft 3, and in this pipe is a normally closed cock 64.- The purpose is toadmit a slight jet of water to the roaster R through its perfo-,

ratedshaft, at the moment of dumping, and to effect this automatically. This is done by means now to be described. Fulcrumed at 65 (Fig. 1) is a lever 66, which has coupled to its upper free end an arm 67, provided with a shoulder at 68 which is engaged by a headed pin 69 in the head D. Another lever 70, fulcrumed at 71, is coupled at its lower end,'at 72, to the operating arm of the cook 64. At its-upper end the lever 70 loosely engages a-recess or slot in the free end device. Nowi when the head Dis dumped, the stud or pin 69,,carries the arm67 a little way with it, swinging bothof' the levers 6 6 and 70, the latter lever acting I emerges from the -perforations into the master. In order that the air may be cut off from the furnace and the roaster during'the period of dumping, the device seen at the left in Figs. 1 and 3, is employed. In the airpipe 57 is mounted a cut-off valve 77, coupled to one 'arm of an elbow-lever 78, and the lever 66 is so disposed as to engage the other arm of said elbow lever and hold the valve 77 open normally, or while-the pin 69 engages the. shoulder on the arm 67; but when, by the dumping rotation of the head D, the said-pin is disengaged, a spring 79 rocks the elbow-lever and causes the latter. to rock and close the valve 77. When the' head D is righted, thepin 69 wipes under the arm 67,

of the arm 67'.- Above its fulcrum, the, lever 70 cou-'' pied by a link 73, to the arm of a door-check74, or like throughthe coupling 72 to open" the cock 64 in the wa-,

.' 'ter-pipe and admit waterto the roaster. The pin 69,

engages the shoulder 68 thereon, swings theelbowlever 78 back to its former position, and again opens the valve 77. The shaft 3 is supported, its-hereinshown (in frames 80 on-the furnace.

Having thus' described our invention, we claim- 1. A device for the purpose specllcd', having a. rotating roaster, a furnace for heating the same, means for supply-' ing a charge to the roaster, mechanism for actuating the supplying means, electromagnetic means for setting said mechanism in motion, and automatic means for closing the circuit through the electromagnet forming a part of said means.

2. A device for the purpose specified, having a rotating roaster, a turnacefor heating the same, means fordischarging the contents of the roaster when the temperature thereof shall have risen to a predetermined point, said means comprising a head D adapted to be locked to the rotating roaster, electromagnetic means for permitting said locking, and a thermostat for closing the circuit through said means when the temperature ,shaii have risen above a predetermined point in the roaster.

3. A device for the purpose specified, having a continuously rotating roaster, a head D, capable of rotating with the roaster, for discharging the contents or the latter, automatic means for locking the head D to the roaster during one-half of a rotation of the head, thusin'vcrting the same, automatic means for unlocking said head when lt shall have, been inverted, automatic means for again locking said head to the roaster for righting'it when the roaster is emptied, automatic mcansfor .unlocking the head when righted, and automatic means for-supplying the roaster with afresh charge.

gi /A device for the purpose specified, having a rotating roaster R, open at the end, means for heating the roaster, a normally stationary head D, for the roaster, said head having a conduit through which the coii'ee, or the like, supplied to and discharged from the roaster, means for momentarily locking said head D to the roaster, an electro magnet and its armature adapted to put the locking mechanism in operative condition, an electric circuit havingjn it a break and including a'generator and said electromagnet, a thermometer-thermostat adapted to close the break in said circuit and complete it through said electromagnet when the temperature in .the roaster rises to a predeter- 7 mined point, a. cam which automatically unlocks the head D from the roaster when said head shalihave been inverted, means for closing another break in said circuit, comprising a cam on the sha'i't of the roaster, a pawl actuated operativeiy by said cam, a ratchet-wheel actuated by said pawl, and a circuit-closer carried by said wheel for:

closing the saidbreak, said ratchet wheel having a space 11 denuded of a tooth or teeth, and means for turning said wheel to the extent of a tooth to elect engagement with the pawl, when the head D is dumped or inverted.

4 5. A device for the purpose specified, having a rotary roaster, means for heating the same, a normally stationary head D, for the roas'ten'adapted to rotate with the roaster for dumping when locked to the latter, means for electing said locking whenithe charge in the roaster is roasted, a reservoir, 10, for the material, as c'oitee, to be roasted, a measuring vessel 11, for a charge or coilee, a conduit 12 connecting the said reservoir with the vessel, a valve 13 in is righted.

6. A device for the purpose specified, having a rotating roaster, a fixed head or end-piece? for same, provided with} an outlet 8 for gases, a furnace in which the roaster rotates, said furnace having an outlet for gases, a casing 46, mounted on'the furnace and provided with an inlet for air at the bottom, and interiorly with chambers connected with the interior of ,the furnace-and with the interior of the roaster, for heating the air passing through the casing '46, a blower, a pipe connecting the induction side or the blower with saidcasing, a branched 'pipe connecting the eduction side of the blower, respectively with the furnace and the roaster, a valve in said pipe, means for opening and closing said valve, a head D for the-roaster,,means for locking said head to the roaster for inverting the'head and righting it, and means carried 'by the said head for operating the said air-valve-elosing means. 1

7. In a device fonthe purpose specified, a furnace, a

- roaster-rotating in said'turnace, a head D for said roaster,

automatic means for-locking said headto the roaster for inverting and righting said head, automatic means for supplying a charge to theroaster, means for heating and forcing air to the roaster, means for, supplying water to the roaster, and mechanism actuated by the said head D when it is inverted for cutting oil. the supply of air and admitting water to the roaster. I I

8. A device for the purpose specified, having a furnace 1-, a shaft 3 rotative therein, a roaster on said shaft; a retatable head D for the roaster, said head having a conduit 9 for receiving the unroasted material and for discharging the same, automatic means for locking the head D to the roaster'when the roasted charge is to be emptied, so as to rotate the head to an inverted position, automatic means I for righting the head D,,an air-heating and forcing device,

lever 78 and holdsthe air-valve open, a pin 69 in the head D, the slotted-arm 67, coupled at one end to the lever 66 and provided with a shoulder 68 which normally engages the pin 69, a\lever 70 coupled by one arm to the watercontrolling cocku64 to'open it, the other or upper arm 0 said lever engaging. loosely the slot in the end of the arm 67, and means for closing the'cock 64. 9. A device for the purpose specified, having a furnace,

V :a rotating roaster R thercinopen at its end and provided with a bolt-socket 32, a rotatable head D for said roaster,

said head having a conduit 9 through which the material ;to be roasted passes to and from-the roaster, a spring bolt :30 on said head and adapted, when freed, to engage the .socket in the head and lock the head to the roaster, a slidhble supporting device for upholding said bolt, a toggle 33 which upholds said slidable device, a pin 35 for breaking the knuckle of the toggle so that the slidable device may Qoperate and free the bolt, an electromagnet, the lever-like armature ofsaid magnet, onegarm of which bears onsaid in, through which it breaks the knuckle of the toggle vhen the electromagnet isexclted, a normally open electric pircuit including a geneyator and said electromagnet, and.

automatic means for times. f, 1 In witness whereof we have hereunto signed our names this 11th day of January 1907, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

dompleting said circuit at proper HENRY MUSTONEN. TOIMI A. NISSINEN.

Witnesses HnNnY CONNETT, WILLIAM J. FIRTH. 

